The United States Air Force has certified a new weapon that
will be used on the ground against insurgents in Iraq. The $40 million USD Active Denial System
(ADS) took ten years to develop and is a non-lethal weapon that shoots
millimeter waves at offending parties.
The beams fired by the ADS feature 3mm wavelengths as
opposed to a 12cm wavelength used in an average household microwave oven. As a
result of the shorter wavelengths, the weapon does not represent a radiation
risk to victims and will not impose long-lasting damage in most cases.
Human volunteers (active, reserve and retired military
personnel) subjected to the beam felt immediate and immense pain from the ADS
weapon. The beam causes a person to feel that he or she is on fire and triggers
a "flight" response. A result, Air Force officials say that the weapon
has what is called the "Goodbye effect" meaning that subjects turn
tail and run. "If hit by the beam, you will move out of it -- reflexively
and quickly. You for sure will not be eager to experience it again,"
reported one test subject.
Tests on the volunteers revealed that most subjects reached
their threshold for pain within 3 seconds while no one could hold out for more
than 5 seconds at a time. After roughly 10,000 test exposures, there were only
six reported cases of test subjects receiving blisters from exposure to the
beam. One test subject did, however, receive second-degree burns in controlled
laboratory testing.
There are defenses to the beam according to the military --
the beam cannot penetrate rock or stone. And even if a person were to hold up a
sheet of metal or try to wear protective clothing with metal plates, a small
exposed area of skin would be enough to produce a successful Goodbye effect.
Tests also showed that damp clothing further intensifies the effects of the
beam. Wired News reports:
In
one war game, an assault team staged a mock raid on a building. The ADS was
used to remove civilians from the battlefield, separating what the military
calls "tourists from terrorists." It was also used in a Black Hawk
Down scenario, and maritime tests, which saw the ADS deployed against small
boats... It might also be used on the battlefield. One war game deployed the
ADS in support of an assault, suppressing incoming fire and obstructing a
counterattack.
Current versions of the ADS have been mounted to Hummers and
fire 2 meter diameter beams that have an effective range of 500 meters. Smaller
versions of the weapon have also been tested on the Stryker armored
personnel carrier. Tests are also underway to produce an airborne version
of the weapon. "Key technologies to enable this capability from an
airborne platform -- such as a C-130 -- are being developed at several Air
Force Research Laboratory technology directorates," says Diana Loree,
program manager for the Airborne ADS.