The
world has seen accidents before when tankers have run aground and
leaked massive amounts of oil. The most recent oil spill is occurring
right now in the Gulf of Mexico and was the result of the deadly
explosion on the Deepwater Horizon drilling rig. The explosion killed
several workers on the rig and the oil platform sank after the
resulting fire.
The
oil in the well a mile under the waters of the Gulf of Mexico
continues to pour out of the well into the waters of the gulf at a
rate of about 210,000 gallons of crude oil each day equating to about
5,000 barrels of crude. So far, BBC
News reports
that the oil slick from the well has covered
about 2,000 square miles of gulf waters and is now
threatening the coasts of several gulf states and coastal wetlands
where several animal species breed.
The
owner of the Deepwater Horizon rig is BP, a
London-based company, and BP is trying everything it can think of to
stem the flow of crude oil into the gulf. Reuters reports
that the robotic vehicles that BP tried to use to close valves on the
well piping at a depth of nearly a mile under the surface of the
gulf have
failed.
Doug
Suttles, COO of BP said, "We've essentially used up all those
options," speaking about attempts to use robotic submergible
vehicles to turn valves designed to prevent oil from escaping in to
the waters.
The
Associated Press reports that BP also tried to use a larger
containment dome to funnel the crude to ships on the surface but the
done had failed because of "large hydrate volumes" that
clogged the dome. A smaller dome is being readied that should be able
to avoid the clogging issue of the larger dome.
The
only permanent fix for the oil that is spewing from the broken pipe
at the deepwater well is to drill relief wells nearby to remove
pressure. The AP reports
that these relief wells are expected to take
three months to complete.
BBC
News adds that BP is also considering a method to block the
blowout preventer with debris to stop the flow of oil. This method
would have the company injecting shredded tires and golf balls into
the pipe under extreme pressure in an attempt to block the oil in a
manner similar to blocking up a toilet.
Suttles
said, "We have some pipe work on the blowout preventer, and if
we can open certain valves on that we could inject basically just
rubber and other type of material into [it] to plug it up, not much
different to the way you might plug up a toilet."
So far
the spill has cost BP an estimated $350 million and some estimates
expect the final bill after clean up to run into the billions of
dollars. The spill is expected to be the worst
in U.S. history surpassing the damage done by the Exxon
Valdez.