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Fastest shifting possible plus fuel economy gains
Dual clutch transmission systems have
been increasingly adopted by automobile
manufacturers as a way to increase performance and fuel
efficiency at the same time. DCT is a semi-automatic transmission with
two separate clutches for odd and even gears. One clutch drives the
odd numbered gears, while the another clutch drives the even numbered
gears. This setup eliminates the torque converter used in traditional
automatic transmissions and allows a computer to shift more smoothly
and quickly than is humanly possible. However, the option for manual shifting is still available, and many companies have paired DCT systems with
paddle-shifters.
Volkswagen
already has DCT available in the Jetta, Passat, Golf, Rabbit, and
Touran, while the Audi A3, S4, and TT have it available as well.
Ricardo makes a seven-speed DCT for the 1001 horsepower Bugatti
Veyron, and Porsche is replacing its Tiptronic transmission entirely
with its DCT system named PDK.
VW, Audi, Bentley, Bugatti,
Lamborghini, SEAT, Skoda, and Scania are all part of the Volkswagen
Group, ranked as the third largest auto maker in the world. Porsche
is set to join their ranks in 2011 as part of a merger agreement.
Collectively, the VW Group is the largest adopter of DCT systems and
is looking to make DCT an option across their entire product
range.
Ford and Mazda are also planning to get in on the DCT
action. Ford is branding their version of DCT under their PowerShift
label, and will start using it in the Focus and Fiesta. Mazda is
planning something similar across
their entire product line by 2015.
Honda is starting small
with their entry into the DCT market. The company has shown off the
world's first DCT system for motorcycles, and will introduce it in
large displacement sport bikes next year with the 2010 VFR1200F.
Honda claims that they have come up with a light, compact design that
allows it to be combined with existing engines without substantial
layout modifications.
Traditional dual-clutch transmissions
tend to be too bulky for motorcycle use, so Honda's system is
designed to be extremely compact. The new system employs original
technologies such as dual input shafts, exclusive in-line clutch
design, and concentration of hydraulic circuitry beneath the engine
cover to achieve a compact design. Compactness and low weight is
further enhanced through the use of a simple shift mechanism design
based on that of a conventional motorcycle shift drum.
In
order to respond to rider demands in a broad range of situations, the
transmission is equipped with three operating modes. There are two
fully automatic modes (D-mode for regular operation and S-mode for
sporty riding), and a 6-speed manual mode which delivers the same
shift feel as a manual transmission. Honda claims that optimized
shift scheduling achieves fuel economy equal to or better than that
of a fully manual transmission, enabling their DCT to deliver both
sporty riding and environmental performance combined.
The
VFR1200F also features anti-lock brakes (ABS) as standard equipment,
as well as a dual combined braking system (CBS) shown in previous
generation VFR motorcycles.
The new transmission has 100 patents pending, and is claimed to
provide "sporty riding enjoyment with easy operation". Honda
intends to gradually expand the deployment of the new DCT system to
more of its large displacement motorcycles over the next few years,
focusing particularly on sport models destined for use in developed
countries.
Honda CEO Takeo Fukui stated in May that Honda was working on a
new system that could be matched with future hybrids. The Honda Fit
already has a paddle-shifter option, and the company has already
announced that production of the Honda
Fit Hybrid would begin before the end of 2010.
"We can't expect users to use common sense. That would eliminate the need for all sorts of legislation, committees, oversight and lawyers." -- Christopher Jennings
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