 A view of Saturn's F ring from Cassini. Something, possibly a collision between a moonlet and the ring's core, has caused a large disturbance. (Source: NASA, Jet Propulsion Laboratory)
The interaction of small moons within and around Saturn may give some insight into solar system creation.
The Cassini space probe has been a busybody for the last
four years. Swooping around Saturn, it's discovered many new features as well
as given some insight into some of the more
interesting ones previously discovered. Data collected over the last few
years has now given scientists some insight into another one of Saturn's
remarkable features, its F ring.
The F ring is notable because of its state of constant change. The ring
undergoes reconstruction so frequently that astronomers hope to learn something
of how the solar system might have been created from it.
“Saturn’s F ring is perhaps the most unusual and dynamic ring in the solar
system; it has multiple structures with features changing on a variety of
timescales from hours to years,” explains Professor Carl Murray of the Queen
Mary University of London who led the analytical team on the F ring data.
Some of the features they noticed in Cassinis images are being referred to as
“jets” and “fans.” Both are thought to be caused by objects colliding with the
F ring's core. The “jets” appear to be caused by objects of a large diameter,
such as the ~5km S/2004 S 6, which was discovered by Cassini in 2004. “Fans” on
the other hand are thought to be caused by objects of less than one kilometer
in diameter.
The moonlets colliding with other pieces of the F ring cause the objects to
scatter in unique ways due to the influence of their gravity as well as outside
influences. The moon Prometheus also effects the F ring, acting as sort of
shepherd to keep things from getting too unruly.
Scientists are extremely pleased with the results of Cassini's image gathering,
as it helps give them a bit more insight into the formation of the entire solar
system. “This incredibly successful mission has taught us a great deal about
the solar system and the processes at work in it,” said Professor Keith Mason,
CEO of the Science and Technology Facilities Council.
“Understanding how small objects move within the dust rings
around Saturn gives an insight into the processes that drive planetary formation,
where the proto-planet collects material in its orbit through a dust plane and
carves out similar grooves and tracks.”
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